(;GM[1]FF[4]SZ[19]AP[SmartGo:3.0.1]
GN[2017.09.15_AlphaGo_selfplay_07]
PW[AlphaGo]
PB[AlphaGo]
KM[7.5]
RE[W+Resign]
RU[Chinese]ST[2]
C[AlphaGo-AlphaGo Game 7
Commentary by Michael Redmond 9P
Edited by Chris Garlock and Myron Souris

In this game we will see some Go Seigen-like attachments that White plays against a Black shimari, an AlphaGo variation for the early 3-3 invasion, and after White makes a moyo there will be a running fight in the center. ]
MU[1];B[pd];W[dd];B[qp];W[dp];B[fq]TR[np]
C[The Ke Jie version sometimes plays this kakari, and sometimes the marked shimari. AlphaGo was not designed to play a perfect game, or find the 'best' move, but finds good-looking moves to which the value network gives a good winning percentage. This allows it to have some variety in it's opening plays, as I would expect that in the opening at least, it has a number of potential moves that are given about 50% winning percentage by the value network. ]
;W[cn]
(;B[op]
C[With Black 7, AlphaGo seems to have trouble deciding which move to play, and it would be interesting to see the value network scores for the various moves that it has tried. In the 55 self-played games of the Ke Jie version, AlphaGo played this shimari twice out of 7 games. ]
;W[qf];B[nc];W[np]
C[AlphaGo played this attachment twice in the 55 game set of self-played games, a 100% occurrence in this board position. What is special about this move that looks so unlikely to a human player? Will future versions of AlphaGo continue to like this move? Many of the Master version joseki are not being played by the KeJie version, so AlphaGo can and will change it's mind about some of these moves when it reincarnates into a new version.  ]
(;B[oq]TR[np:op]
C[In this game Black simply played at 11. The local shape is now the same as a more common order of moves, in which Black plays the keima shimari at 11, and White plays a shoulder hit to get the marked exchange. ]
;W[qo];B[po];W[qn];B[rp]
(;W[pj]TR[qn:qo][np]
C[With 16, White is ready to sacrifice all of the marked stones, and is treating them as light kikashi. ]
(;B[cc]TR[jd][di]
C[During the Lee Sedol match, I predicted that AlphaGo would change our opening theory, but these 3-3 invasions were not what I expected at that time. As I learned to play Go, I was taught not to invade here so early, but to play this move when the board position makes this invasion more effective. One example is that when White has stones at the two marked points, it is considered good to invade at the 3-3 point. The fact that the KeJie version of AlphaGo has played more than 40 early invasions to the 3-3 in 55 self-played games makes me think that the value net is giving this move good scores, and since AlphaGo's positional judgement is one of it's strong points, we must try to understand these new choices that it is making in the opening.  ]
;W[dc];B[cd];W[cf]
(;B[ce]
C[Black 21 has always been a valid choice for Black in this joseki, and is now the default move for AlphaGo, while the other joseki variant has all but disappeared from AlphaGo's play. ]
;W[de];B[bf];W[cb];B[bb];W[bg]
C[With 24 and 26, White is offering to sacrifice the stone at 24, and will build a strong position on the left. Compared to the upper side, White has more potential to build territory on the left side. ]
;B[db]
(;W[be]TR[bc]
C[With 28 White has decided to build a moyo on the left. Next White can squeeze with a play at the marked point. ]
;B[df];W[cg];B[ca];W[bd];B[bc];W[ef]TR[np]
C[White's marked stone makes the ladder work. ];B[jp];W[gn]
(;B[dq]TR[dr]
C[Black 37 is a move that AlphaGo often plays in the corner, and is supposedly better than sliding at the marked point. However, in this board position I believe Black should have played to reduce White's potential on the left side and in the center. Black's failure to do so gave White an early advantage. ]
;W[cq];B[cr]
(;W[cp]TR[gn]
C[When White already has the marked stone, and wants to build from the left side, White's simple connection at 40 seems to be the best move. Even now, I would suggest that Black play in the center. ]
(;B[er]
C[Black 41 finishes the joseki, but allows White to take an important point in the center. ]
;W[gj]LB[df:A][dg:B][fi:C]
C[White 42 is an important point that surrounds the left side moyo, and after this move White has a favorable position. This shape also happens to be the default move when AlphaGo is ready to remove the aji of Black escaping with the stone at A. Some humans might want to capture at B, and there is some value to that as capturing the stone gives White a stronger position towards the upper side, but the drawback is that the move at B has less effect towards the left side and center when compared with White 42. Go Seigen, some modern players, and the Master version of AlphaGo played more efficient moves such as C in similar positions. AlphaGo now takes efficiency to an extreme with this new shape at 42. ]
;B[fg];W[eh];B[pl];W[ql];B[pm];W[nn]TR[pn]
C[White 48 has some effect on the right side by creating the aji of pushing through at the marked point, but puts more priority on reducing the lower side and hopefully building in the center. As the following fight will demonstrate, the center is much more important than the right side in this game. ]
;B[km]TR[gl]
C[With 49 Black attacks White on a large scale and moves into the center, looking to jump into the left at the marked point if given a chance. ]
;W[jo]
C[Locally, White 50 looks like an overplay, but since White has some strength in the center, this fight will be even. ]
(;B[io]
C[Since Black has a strong position on the lower side, it is natural to answer White's attachment with a hane. The question is, which side?]
;W[kp]
(;B[ko]
C[Cutting at 53 is Black's strongest move.];W[jn];B[kn];W[jq];B[ip];W[iq]
;B[lp];W[kq]
(;B[lq]
C[With 61, Black avoids the more peaceful variation of capturing with a geta in the center. When given a choice, it seems that the KeJie version of AlphaGo wants to go for the wild and dangerous path. ]
;W[hp];B[in];W[lr];B[mr];W[jm];B[hm];W[im];B[hn];W[gq]
C[With the ladder favoring White, this looks dangerous for Black. ];B[hk]
;W[jk];B[ep];W[lo];B[mo];W[mq];B[mp];W[nq]
(;B[nr]
C[By putting three White stones in atari with 79, Black avoids the squeeze shown in the variation. With the exchange up to 79, White has established some forcing moves from the center, and more importantly, White has some big threats for a ko that might happen on the left.   ]
;W[eo]
C[If Black answers 80 with a hane, White will have need of the ko threats on the right. ]
(;B[fp]
C[Black 81 secures life for the corner group while threatening to cut White. ]
;W[no];B[mn];W[mm];B[ln];W[kl];B[kr];W[go];B[hj];W[gi];B[hi];W[ji];B[ih]
;W[kg];B[gr];W[ho];B[gm]
C[Black 95-97 was a big move in territory, and was played with perfect timing. It is dangerous for White to attempt to kill this Black group. ]
(;W[em]
C[White 98 avoids the danger of allowing Black into White's territory on the left, which is about 35 points. White still has a favorable position. ]
;B[gh];W[fl];B[hr];W[hq];B[ie];W[nm];B[qm];W[kd];B[ok];W[if];B[hf];W[jf]
;B[gk];W[ej];B[he]
C[Black has escaped with the group in the center, and now the focus of this game switches to the upper right area.  ]
(;W[nj]
C[White 114 is bad shape locally when Black pushes through on the right, but is actually a very important point that transforms White's center group into thickness and starts to build territory in the center. ]
;B[oj];W[oi];B[qe];W[pf];B[pi];W[oh];B[nk];W[mj];B[qi];W[rj]
(;B[qj]
C[Black pulls back with 125 to avoid a squeeze. ];W[ri];B[qk];W[qc];B[pc]
TR[re]
C[Black plays conservatively with 129, paying respect to White's strength in the area. In a case in which Black has some potential to attack White on the outside it is recommended to play at the marked point to cut White off. However, in this case it seems best to keep as much of the corner territory as possible by playing at 129. ]
;W[re];B[rd];W[qd];B[rc];W[pe];B[qb];W[fc];B[hc];W[jc];B[fb]
(;W[nd]
C[White 140 is the good shape move, but White missed an opportunity for an easy win with this move. ]
;B[od];W[mc];B[ne];W[md];B[oe];W[nb]TR[nd]
C[In the sequence from 140 (marked) White gained some points on the upper side, but lost more in the center. ]
;B[qe];W[rg];B[ob];W[pn];B[lf];W[je];B[qh];W[rh];B[mh];W[mk];B[og];W[ng]
;B[nh];W[ni];B[of];W[se];B[lh];W[oo];B[pp]
(;W[hb]
C[With 166 White plays yose from the right to increase White's territory on the upper side. ]
;B[gc];W[ib];B[fm];W[en];B[gb];W[mb];B[bq];W[bp];B[ap]
C[The game is very close now, and Black 175 makes it even more exciting by starting a ko. ]
;W[br];B[ar];W[aq];B[ls]
C[Black 179 is a valid ko threat. ]
(;W[kh];B[kj];W[jj];B[li];W[ll];B[bq];W[lg];B[mg];W[aq];B[ki];W[jh];B[bq]
;W[mf];B[me]LB[mf:A][le:B]
C[White's ko threat at 192 (A) will incur a 2 point loss when Black later plays at B. ]
;W[aq];B[fk];W[cs];B[dr];W[ek];B[bq];W[bs];B[ds];W[aq];B[fn];W[fo];B[bq]
;W[ig];B[hg];W[aq];B[ei];W[fi]LB[ei:A][mf:B]
C[Black 209 (A) incurs a 2 point loss compared to when Black plays the correct local yose at 210. This balances the loss White took with 192 (B). ]
;B[bq];W[rk];B[ld];W[lc];B[as];W[bo];B[rn];W[rl];B[fh];W[di];B[le];W[fd]
;B[ro];W[on];B[kb];W[rm];B[nl];W[na];B[oa];W[jb];B[ir];W[jr];B[js];W[ec]
;B[qd];W[eb];B[ea];W[om];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[ha];B[id];W[jd];B[ao];W[an]
;B[aq];W[ga];B[fa];W[ff];B[eg];W[dg];B[ml];W[lm];B[fj];W[ei];B[la];W[ja]
;B[ge];W[sd];B[fe];W[ee];B[sm];W[sl];B[sn];W[sc];B[ad];W[af];B[sb];W[kf]
;B[gd]
(;W[ae]
C[W+0.25 stones (W+0.5pts)])
(;W[gf];B[gl];W[el];B[il];W[jl];B[ik];W[lk];B[oc]
C[This variation shows how I expect the final points to be played. White wins by 0.25 stones, or a half point in when counted with the Japanese rules.]
))
(;W[cs];B[ki];W[kj];B[jh];W[lk];B[lm];W[li];B[kh];W[mi];B[ml]
C[If White finishes the ko with 1, Black can cut White off with 2 and capture half of White's group with 10. ]
))
(;W[gb];B[ec];W[ed];B[eb];W[gc];B[fd];W[ee];B[hb]
C[Playing at 1 ends in a bad result for White as Black can cut White off by wedging at 2 and with the sequence to 8. ]
))
(;W[od];B[oc];W[nd];B[md];W[me];B[mc];W[ld]
C[AlphaGo has a strong bias towards good shape, which is usually a good thing. In some cases this bias causes AlphaGo to miss a vulgar or bad shape move that happens to be more effective than the good shape move in a given position. White 1 is such a move, and taking territory in the center with the sequence to 7 gives White an easy win. ]
))
(;B[ri];W[qj];B[sj];W[sk];B[si];W[rk];B[rl];W[rh];B[qk];W[qc]LB[rj:A]
C[Black can capture White's stone at A with 1-9, but since White gets forcing moves from outside to create thick shape, this is not bad for White.]
))
(;W[rd];B[lk];W[ll];B[li];W[ki];B[je];W[ke];B[lf];W[kf];B[pf]
C[If White plays away from the center wiuth 1, Black has a sequence of forcing moves from 2 to 8 that take away White's eyespace and give White heavy shape. After Black 10, White will have trouble dealing with the weak group in the center. ]
))
(;W[if];B[em];W[en];B[dl];W[gk];B[fl];W[bl];B[gh];W[ej];B[hf]
C[If White tries to surround Black with 1, Black can force with 2-4 to create a potential eye within what was going to be White's territory. White has lost a lot of points on the left, so if this group can live the game will look favorable for Black. ]
))
(;B[fo];W[go];B[en];W[do];B[fn];W[fp];B[gp];W[no];B[mn];W[fp];B[eq];W[mm]
;B[ln];W[gm]LB[kl:A]
C[When Black plays strongly with 1-5, White can use 8 as a ko threat to win the ko. White also has a forcing move at A, and after White 14, this fight is bad for Black. ]
))
(;B[kr];W[ln];B[mn];W[lm];B[kl];W[mm];B[ls];W[no];B[lr];W[nr];B[nm];W[nl]
;B[om];W[lk];B[or];W[kk]
C[When Black cuts at 1, White can squeeze from the center with 2-8 and capture the cutting Black stones up to 16. This is good for White. ]
))
(;B[hm];W[hp];B[in];W[mr]
C[Black 1 captures the cutting White stones in a geta, and then White gets to live on the side with 4. This variation looks feasible for Black. ]
))
(;B[jn];W[ko];B[ip];W[kq];B[jr];W[jq];B[iq];W[kr];B[ir];W[nq]
C[When Black plays atari at 1 and connects at 3 to close White in, White will have room to live on the right side with the sequence to 10. ]
))
(;B[ko];W[kp]LB[io:A][ip:B][lo:C]
C[White crosscuts at 2. If Black continues at A, the following fight will resemble the game sequence. If Black pulls back at B, White will attack in the center. If Black C, there will be a trade in which Black takes territory in the lower right. ]
(;B[io];W[jn];B[kn];W[jq];B[ip];W[iq]
C[While the order of moves is slightly different, this is the same fight as the game variation. ]
)
(;B[ip];W[kn];B[lo];W[ln];B[jn];W[io];B[jm];W[hp];B[ho];W[in];B[hq];W[gp]
;B[iq];W[lm];B[lp];W[lk]TR[gn][nn][np]
C[Although this fight started in an area that Black seemed to control, the marked surrounding stones made the difference and allowed White to turn it into a fight in which White attacks Black in the center. This is good for White.]
)
(;B[lo];W[ip];B[jq];W[jn];B[lm]LB[iq:A][gl:B]
C[White has a forcing move at A, which can be played later. So far, White has removed the danger of a Black invasion at B, establishing close to 40 points of territory for White on the left side.  ]
;W[pn];B[on];W[om];B[oo];W[qm];B[ol];W[pk];B[nm];W[qd];B[qc];W[pc];B[qe]
;W[rd];B[pe];W[re];B[pb];W[pf]
C[White's left side is similar in size to Black's lower right territory. On the right White has enough territory to equal the total of Black's other groups. With komi, White has an advantage. ]
)))
(;B[fj];W[dj];B[ij];W[eq];B[er];W[dr];B[ds]
C[Playing in the center with Black 1 and 3 is still a large point. When White attacks with 4, Black can make a ko shape with 5 and 7. ]
))
(;W[eq];B[dr];W[ep];B[cp];W[bq];B[bp];W[br];B[bs];W[er];B[aq]LB[cl:A][gn:B]
C[When White plays 1 and 3, Black will take the corner with 4-10. Black's gain in the corner and the left side is bigger than White's on the lower side. Why do I say this when the shown sequence is a joseki? The left side was an important area for White, and now it is vulnerable to an invasion at A because of Black's strong shape in the corner. By pushing through to 9 White has destroyed Black's lower side, but White B had already reduced the value of the lower side. In short, the direction of White's play is bad. ]
))
(;B[fj];W[dj];B[ij]
C[The left side moyo with potential to spread into the center is White's biggest asset in this game position. The time has come for Black to invade. Black 1 is a bit deep, but since it is a ladder breaking move White must answer at 2, after which Black escapes with 3. White's potential is now limited to the left side, and I think this position is about even.]
))
(;W[eb];B[cg];W[df];B[bh];W[da];B[ag]LB[db:A]
C[When White answers Black's cut at A with an atari at 1, this gives Black a chance to capture a White stone on the left side, making a trade. Locally, this is a sequence of good moves and I would call it a joseki, but when I look at the board position I feel that White should have made a wall facing the left side instead of the upper side.]
))
(;B[bf];W[bg]
C[While the Master version played the  attachment at 1 both times it encountered this local position, the Ke Jie version played here only once out of 27 times. This decline in popularity indicates that AlphaGo has decided that the attachment is bad when White plays strongly with 2. ]
;B[ce];W[df];B[de];W[ee];B[ef];W[fe];B[db];W[eb];B[cb];W[eg]LB[bf:A][bg:B]
C[The ladder favors White, so White can play at 12 to capture the cutting stone. The A-B exchange strengthens White on the left side, and is bad for Black. ]
))
(;B[cf];W[fc];B[bd]LB[dm:A]
C[Before AlphaGo, playing a kakari at 1 on the left side was the normal move. After the Master series, some pros picked up on the shoulder hits, so they might consider playing at A instead of 1.]
))
(;W[pn];B[on];W[om];B[nn];W[pj];B[ip]
C[White can force with 1 and 3 to strengthen the right side, but when Black plays at 6 it becomes difficult for White to invade the lower side. In this case, the 1-4 exchange is bad for White. ]
))
(;B[no];W[oq];B[oo];W[pq];B[mp];W[nq];B[qq];W[mq];B[qi]LB[np:A]
C[In game 18 of this series, AlphaGo answered White's attachment at A with the hane at 1. The local sequence to 8 is good for White, but since Black 9 becomes an ideal pincer and extension, I would call this an even result. ]
))
(;B[kq]
C[In the 55 self-played games of the Ke Jie version, AlphaGo played this version of the mini-Chinese opening twice.]
)
(;B[lq]
C[In the 55 self-played games of the Ke Jie version, AlphaGo played this version of the mini-Chinese opening in 3 games. ]
)
(;B[np]TR[cn][fq]
C[AlphaGo played this shimari once against Dang Yifei 9P in the Master series, game 34. I have not seen the Ke Jie version play this shimari after playing the marked exchange on the left. ]
))

